The early Hongdae area was located outside of Seoul. Because of the Dangin-ri thermo electric power plant nearby, land prices were relatively low. In 1954 Hongik University was established and due to the government's land development project, it has developed into a residential area for local residents.

  The number of students working in front of Hongik University has increased due to Hongik University's patent policy on art universities. In the residential areas of Hongik University, art associated business district like arts shops, workshops, art academies, galleries and art bookstores were roughly formed.

  As the rumor spread, artists from other regions began to gather in Hongdae to pursue the atmosphere of cheap rent and guaranteed art, and Hongik University started to take off as a artistic cultural place on the basis of these two.

In the 1990s, a free and open culture was introduced by the "orange people" who moved from Apgujeong to Hongdae.

  Small theaters, clubs, and galleries have emerged for a variety of cultural activities, including rock bands, hip-hop, and plays, and Hongdae has developed into a new cultural hub for young people.

  The government has also made bold investments in Hongdae for the World Cup and strengthened support for the culture of Hongdae, including clubs, to attract foreign tourists.

  Paris responded the gentrification with "public active protection". In Paris, until 1970, the small scale stores were disappearing and alley commerce were getting in crisis due to the government's promotion of large scale commercial facilities. In 2006, the Paris Urban Plan was established to protect the retail industry, and a place where protection measures are needed was designated as a 'protected commercial street'. Paris banned changing the first floor where the commerce and handicraft industrial spaces located on.

  As a result, retail trade has greatly contributed to the street revitalization in Paris. At the same time, in 2004, the "Vital Cartier" business has protected small business owners and alley trade. Paris rented these shops to local merchants cheaply, mainly in less competitive sectors. Eventually, Paris could diversify the local industry.

  London responded to the gentrification with 'local demand customized public support', not the public active protection. Since the late 1980s, the national and community-led regeneration projects have become more active and rents have increased. So residents left to the outside area. The 'Shoreditch Community Association' was formed and made efforts to protect the rights of the residents and the original culture. In addition, the government supported the public design project, and the autonomous district supported various festivals. Shoreditch was born based on culture and art. This could be possible because there was a public support and strategy that identified the characteristics and changes of the region.
  In the case of the gentrification in Korea, we should create many policies such as expanding the scope of premium protection for the people we call 'natives' to not be damaged. Currently, the government and Seoul are focusing on the protection of tenants. Mid to long-term monitoring of the changes in trade is necessary. In other words, change of trade area, flow and scale of industry should be understood as big data. The tenant may be too busy to make a living, but it will be helpful if they try to solve the problem of gentrification through studying laws or reading various books or columns.